The Christian life is realized, not by an item tabulation of commandments kept or broken, but by a conscious filling of the heart with love toward others, a fulfillment being made possible only by the sacred enthronement within, of the Holy Spirit. The Adam Clarke Commentary. One of them reached for the New Testament to read it himself and said, "I do wish that everyone knew this." The day is at hand - the full manifestation of the Sun of righteousness, in the illumination of the whole Gentile world approaches rapidly. These commandments do not nullify each other, because they speak of different things. Deeds that are becoming to Christians are those of virtue, integrity, faithfulness, purity, and love. To all such persons, the question of submission to a government like Rome Was the most burning question of the day. Some sleep the sleep of Jonah, an unrealistic sleep. The advices to the Christians may be found in the preceding chapter; those at the conclusion of this chapter belong solely to the heathens. 7. I know the truth!" Owe no man anything, save to love one another: for he that loveth his neighbor hath fulfilled the law. Jesus Christ our Lord never disobeyed any law, nor did he ever advocate disobedience, or any other kind of disobedience. Click to Sign Up Now! Putting on , or being clothed with Jesus Christ, signifies receiving and believing the Gospel ; and consequently taking its maxims for the government of life, having the mind that was in Christ. Choose a verse from 'Romans 13' to begin your 'Verse-by-Verse' study of God's Word using the more than 100 commentaries available on StudyLight.org Love worketh no to his neighbor: love therefore is the fulfillment of the law. Home > Commentaries > Adam Clarke Commentary > Romans > Chapter 1. It was not merely dawn, but daylight had fully burst upon them. St. Chrysostom particularly mentions this as a common phrase, ὁ δεινα τον δεινα ενεδυσατο, such a one hath put on such a one; i.e. And practices of the most abandoned and dissolute sort? Some have expressed wonder at Paul's sandwiching such commandments as these in between two tender and beautiful admonitions on love; but Paul knew what he was doing, and did it in such a manner that none could mistake his intention or misunderstand his commands. Significantly, even in that last statement, Paul did not indicate that he expected the immediate second coming of Christ. Romans 6:13 - and do not go on presenting the members of your body to sin as instruments of unrighteousness; but present yourselves to God as those alive from the dead, and your members as instruments of righteousness to God. Attending continually. As noted above, Paul here adhered to the pattern of Jesus' summation of all the Decalogue under the two headings of love to God, and love to people (Matthew 22:34-40; Mark 12:29-31), the latter division being the one considered here. This may be prevented by their love, support, honor, and prayers for the present government, and by the necessity of their voting in a manner consistent with their prayers, to the end that the government may be able to survive the assaults being made upon it by forces of evil; and may their diligence in this be stimulated by the thought that if a breakthrough against the government succeeds, none will survive it, least of all, those who sought the tranquil life as God directed. Also, there were certain Christian practices which might have led them easily to despise the state. He knew, for example, that his own death would precede the final judgment (2 Timothy 4:6), that a space of time sufficient to allow the revelation of the man of sin would intervene before it (2 Thessalonians 2:3ff), and that the fullness of the Gentiles would come in first (Romans 11:25), all of which knowledge on Paul's part made it impossible for him to have considered the judgment day as being just around the corner. 4. Thus, all that was said of policemen in Romans 13:1-5 is likewise applied here to all servants and officers of the secular state. "Some sleep ..." (1 Corinthians 11:30). In after times, and to the present day, he does that by a general superintending providence which he did before by especial designation. Strabo, lib. Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? It is also a state of inactivity. The mode of speech itself is taken from the custom of stage players: they assumed the name and garments of the person whose character they were to act, and endeavored as closely as possible to imitate him in their spirit, words, and actions. Only a few sentries were left to guard the heights overlooking the mighty St. Lawrence river; but, while they slept, the soldiers of General Wolfe scaled the heights of the river and defeated the French the next morning on the plains of Abraham. Click the Bible to visit the new StudyLight.org being developed!! Parents sleep while the devil is seducing their children. That tremendous week in Jerusalem had been enough nearly to overwhelm them. These are they who are going to be saved tomorrow, who plan to stir themselves in a convenient season, who fully intend to obey the Lord, but not now. Kypke on this place has quoted some good authorities for the above distinction and signification. A further glimpse of the meaning of "becometh" is seen in the word chosen to replace it in the various translations. The sleeper is doing nothing, all activity being suspended. Keep it! Since the execution of their office is suited to excite “fear,” we should render to them that reverence which is appropriate to the execution of their function. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in the dust: for thy dew is as the dew of herbs, and the earth shall cast out the dead, Isaiah 26:19. Therefore, the apostle says, Owe no man; as if he had said: Ye owe to your fellow brethren nothing but mutual love, and this is what the law of God requires, and in this the law is fulfilled. If a man habituate himself to disrespect official characters, he will soon find himself disposed to pay little respect or obedience to the laws themselves. That Paul consciously followed the teachings of the Master throughout is observable in several particulars, as noted by Lenski: This passage does not teach that if one loves his neighbor he has license to break any of the commandments, but that truly loving one's neighbor will positively restrain from any sinful action against one's neighbor. We say the same. Indeed it has been well observed, that, under the ruling providence of God, it was chiefly owing to the private and personal virtues of the sovereign that the house of Brunswick remained firmly seated on the throne amidst the storms arising from democratical agitations and revolutionary convulsions in Europe during the years 1792-1794. Sorry but your search resulted in no verses being found. Home > Study Desk. Search using our Online Bible by Topic, Verse Reference or Phrase. James the Second was a good moral man, as far as I can learn, but he was a bad and dangerous prince; he endeavored to alter, and essentially change the British constitution, both in Church and state, therefore he was lawfully deposed. I may just observe, that notwithstanding his long reign has been a reign of unparalleled troubles and commotions in the world, in which his empire has always been involved, yet, never did useful arts, ennobling sciences, and pure religion gain a more decided and general ascendancy: and much of this, under God, is owing to the manner in which this king has lived, and the encouragement he invariably gave to whatever had a tendency to promote the best interests of his people. See the doctrine on Romans 13:1. Romans 13:12 - The night is almost gone, and the day is near. on StudyLight.org Click the Bible for the all new StudyLight.org!! None ever cared as much as they; but, inspired men of God, they KNEW that extremist methods would have done no good, but would have, on the other hand, done much harm in the multiplication of human misery and sorrow. Romans 6:9 - knowing that Christ, having been raised from the dead, is never to die again; death no longer is master over Him. Although it is true that his holy teachings had the profoundest influence upon the course of history, it was always as leaven and not as dynamite that his influence worked. This conduct justifies opposition to his government; but I contend that no personal misconduct in the ruler, no immorality in his own life, while he governs according to law, can justify either rebellion against him or contempt of his authority. Many a sinner is sleeping the sleep of Jonah. Murder is, of course, forbidden; but the imposition of the death penalty by government is not forbidden. They were tired. We currently pass through an era that glorifies the extremist; the seductive voices of the far left are calling; stop your ears and bind yourselves to the mast, like the sailors of Ulysses. Being part of the institution "ordained of God," which is the state, they partake of the dignity and authority pertaining to it, and are entitled to obedience, respect, courtesy, honor, and the cooperation of all Christians, who, in the discharge of such obligations, are doing so "as unto the Lord," and not "as unto men," for such is the commandment of the scriptures. But as they were too proud and insolent to permit themselves to be instructed in a plain, direct way, therefore the apostle with a masterly hand, delineates and strongly inculcates the magistrate's duty; while he is pleading his cause with the subject, and establishing his duty on the most sure and solid ground, he dexterously sides with the magistrate, and vindicates his power against any subject who might have imbibed seditious principles, or might be inclined to give the government any disturbance; and under this advantage he reads the magistrate a fine and close lecture upon the nature and ends of civil government. He may be irregular in his own private life; he may be an immoral man, and disgrace himself by an improper conduct: but if he rule according to the law; if he make no attempt to change the constitution, nor break the compact between him and the people; there is, therefore, no legal ground of opposition to his civil authority, and every act against him is not only rebellion in the worst sense of the word, but is unlawful and absolutely sinful. Salvation is nearer - the whole Christian system is more fully explained, and the knowledge of it more easy to be acquired than formerly; on which account a greater progress in religious knowledge and in practical piety is required of us: and we have for a long time been too remiss in these respects. Writing to Timothy, in the last of his apostolic messages, Paul said. That such was actually Paul's meaning here is evident from a comparison with Ephesians 5:14, quoted under Romans 13:11, above, where "Christ will shine upon you," does not mean at the judgment, but right now! It is a comment upon the effectiveness and success of the state as God's ordained institution that such a statement as this stands as truth. Choose a verse from 'Romans 12' to begin your 'Verse-by-Verse' study of God's Word using the more than 100 commentaries available on StudyLight.org on StudyLight.org They are asleep (Romans 13:11; Ephesians 5:14). There is no suggestion here that the evil laws of Rome may be justified, nor the evil laws of any other state; but, in the light of Christian acceptance of such laws under the direct guidance of Christ and the apostles, the conclusion is demanded that the constituted government must be viewed as "ordained of God" and entitled to Christian obedience. Test drive it and tell us about your experience. As just noted, Paul commanded Christians to obey laws, honor policemen as ministers of God, pray for the establishment, and insisted that the total arm of human government be respected, honored, and obeyed. serum. Not in strife and envying - Μη εριδι και ζηλῳ, Not in contentions and furious altercations, which must be the consequence of such practices as are mentioned above. 91, fol. The stability of his throne amidst these dangers and distresses may prove a useful lesson to his successors, and show them the strength of a virtuous character, and that morality and religion form the best bulwark against those great evils to which all human governments are exposed. This is in reference to what is said, Romans 13:13: Let us put on decent garments-let us make a different profession, unite with other company, and maintain that profession by a suitable conduct. Paul was saying that darkness was lifted a generation ago; the glorious daylight of the gospel is already shining. Romans 6:14-20 The dispensation of grace freeth us from the dominion. [2] H. C. G. Moule, The Epistle to the Romans (London: Pickering and Inglis), p. 254. The dread of punishment; this weighs with the ungodly. Chambering and wantonness ... as retained in the English Revised Version from the KJV, mean "debauchery and licentiousness" (RSV), or "debauchery and vice" (New English Bible). To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient. Further, it is a state of illusion, the dreamer and the sleeper being identical as to their state. Aberrations may be catalogued and failures noted; but, in the principal part, and in the overwhelming number of examples afforded by history, Paul's language here must stand as unchallenged truth. It is an awful thing to rebel, and the cases are extremely rare that can justify rebellion against the constituted authorities. Tons more resources, better tools, NIV84 and easier navigation. on StudyLight.org The necessity of immediate conversion to God proved from the shortness and uncertainty of time, Romans 13:11, Romans 13:12. They know the folly and peril of the neglect of prayer, study, and worship; they know how deadly is the sting of sin; but they sleep. This is said on the supposition that the ruler is himself a good man: such the laws suppose him to be; and the apostle, on the general question of obedience and protection, assumes the point that the magistrate is such. Render to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due: custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honor to whom honor. he closely follows and imitates him. Tribute to whom tribute - Φορον· This word probably means such taxes as were levied on persons and estates. Present-day Christians are the privileged heirs of the greatest earthly inheritance ever known in the history of the world, a fact that angers Satan. The spiritual counterpart of this is seen everywhere. As I have already mentioned some potentates by name, as apt examples of the doctrines I have been laying down, my readers will naturally expect that, on so fair an opportunity, I should introduce another; one in whom the double blessing meets; one who, through an unusually protracted reign, during every year of which he most conscientiously watched over the sacred constitution committed to his care, not only did not impair this constitution, but took care that its wholesome laws should be properly administered, and who in every respect acted as the father of his people, and added to all this the most exemplary moral conduct perhaps ever exhibited by a prince, whether in ancient or modern times; not only tacitly discountenancing vice by his truly religious conduct, but by his frequent proclamations most solemnly forbidding Sabbath-breaking, profane swearing, and immorality in general. Paul's revelation that the state is "ordained of God" and an effective instrument of the holy will is not a new doctrine invented by him to ease the Christian community through a difficult political period, but it is essential element of Jesus' teachings. Christ himself honored God's ordained institution, the state, ordered the payment of taxes to Caesar (Matthew 22:21), declared that the authority of the procurator, Pontius Pilate, was given to him "from above" (John 19:11), prophetically identified the armies of Vespasian and Titus as those of God himself sent for the purpose of destroying those evil men and burning their city, the city of Jerusalem (Matthew 22:7), submitted to arrest, even illegal and unjust arrest (Matthew 26:47-56), refused to allow Peter to defend with the sword against such an outrage, and meekly accepted the death penalty itself, which the state unjustly exacted, and which Christ had ample means of avoiding (Matthew 26:53), but did not. It was becoming of Christ to fulfill all righteousness (Matthew 3:15). Some are already so far gone into such a fatal sleep that they cannot hear the cries of loved ones, nor the message of the gospel, nor the roar of the waves of Jordan. Jesus' parable of the tares sown in the wheat emphasized that such a disaster took place "while men slept" (Matthew 13:24,25). In all nations of the earth there is what may be called a constitution - a plan by which a particular country or state is governed; and this constitution is less or more calculated to promote the interests of the community. For what reason this edict was issued does not satisfactorily appear. Moffatt's translation made the difference clear, thus: The man must certainly be put to death (Numbers 15:35).SIZE>. Romans 11:16 - If the first piece of dough is holy, the lump is also; and if the root is holy, the branches are too. It is generally allowed that this epistle was written about the year of our Lord 58, four or five years after the edict of the Emperor Claudius, by which all the Jews were banished from Rome. Test drive it and tell us about your experience. I answer, No: if he rule according to the constitution, nothing can justify rebellion against his authority. Bad as they might be in private life, the constitution was in their hands ever considered a sacred deposit, and they faithfully preserved it, and transmitted it unimpaired to their successors; and took care while they held the reins of government to have it impartially and effectually administered. Paul made this nice distinction by quoting only man-ward obligations in his next statement. The manifestation of the Messiah is regularly termed by the ancient Jews יום yom, day, because previously to this all is night, Bereshith rabba sect. They did not participate in the public festivals and ceremonies given over to the deification of the emperor, and might, therefore, have been suspect as enemies of the government. Let every soul be in subjection to the higher powers: for there is no power but of God; and the powers that be are ordained of God. Griesbach has left it out of the text. The civil governor, whether he be elective or hereditary, agrees to govern according to that constitution. Vice is discredited from the throne, and the profligate dare not hope for a place of trust and confidence, (however in other respects he may be qualified for it), because he is a vicious man. Some sleep the sleep of the sluggard (Proverbs 24:30-34). Because throughout the Scriptures in the Old and New Testaments, what God does in nature or grace, he is said to do by his Spirit. There is no ground for supposing that Paul was ignorant to the point of confusing the judicial coming with the final coming. Provision for the flesh, to fulfill the lusts thereof ... refers to the investment of time, preparation and money in such a manner as to allow or facilitate the gratification of fleshly lusts. Also included links to commentaries, concordances, dictionaries, encyclopedia and lexicons. His kingdom lies, for the most part, within a sector totally removed and separated from the secular state, that institution being also "ordained of God" but charged with a different function, that of preserving order upon earth. General Search for 'Romans 13:13,14' within 'New American Standard Version' on StudyLight.org Government is thus elevated into the sphere of religion. Home; Verse-by-Verse Bible Commentary; Romans; Chapter … The night is far sent, and the day is at hand: let us cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armour of light. The generality of the best critics think it a spurious reading. The taxes are to be paid for the support of those who are God's ministers - the necessary civil officers, from the king downwards, who are attending Continually on this very thing. It existed contemporaneously with Christ and the apostles. Saul was a good moral man, but a bad prince, because he endeavored to act contrary to the Israelitish constitution: he changed some essential parts of that constitution, as I have elsewhere shown; (see the note on Acts 13:22;); he was therefore lawfully deposed. ii., page 307. It is of that kind of sleep that we speak. In this connection, a little further attention to Christ's teachings in this sector is helpful. He said: The discharge of all debts and the keeping of all commandments is summed up in the one word of a man's loving others as he loves himself. Those states which have yielded to the naive "do-gooder-ism" of the present era by abolishing the capital penalty will eventually pay the price of their foolishness. Paul used the words exactly as Jesus used them; and there is a tremendous weight of material in Paul's writings that shows he did not fall into the common error of confusing the two events as to their simultaneous occurrence. Illustration: On the night of September 2,1757, when the soldiers of the Marquis de Montcalm, commandant of the French army of Quebec, retired to their tents, they slept the sleep of insecurity. The Jewish people preferred Barabbas the seditionist to the gentle Jesus; but it must be added that when they finally got the revolution they wanted, it terminated in a situation far worse than what existed previously. (Romans 13:1). No, indeed. The armor of light was available for all who would receive and wear it. It reaches out to destroy; it tosses to and fro; but people give no heed. More resources, better tools and easier navigation Test drive it and tell us about your experience. 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