The primary star, Delta Persei A, has around 700% of our Sun’s mass, 1,050% of its radius ( thus it is 21 times bigger than our Sun), and it is almost three times hotter than our Sun, with temperatures reaching 14,890 K. Delta Persei is also a fast-spinning star, having a rotational velocity of around 190 km / 118 mi per second. Rather than being an intrinsically variable star, it is an eclipsing binary. Medusa’s head is represented in the sky by the “demon star” Algol, which is designated as Beta Persei. FACTS, LOCATION & MAP. 1 Aurigae is a K-type aging giant star, located at around 500 light-years away from us. It has around 1,350% of our Sun’s mass, 766% of its radius, and it is 28,330 times brighter than our Sun. Both clusters are of approximately magnitude 4 and 0.5 degrees in diameter. Perseus also contains many interesting deep-sky objects as well, such as the NGC 869 and NGC 884 globular clusters, the California Nebula, the reflection nebula NGC 1333, the Perseus Molecular Cloud, the spiral galaxy NGC 1023, the lenticular galaxy NGC 1260, or The Perseus Cluster of galaxies. The constellation gives its name to the Perseus cluster (Abell 426), a massive galaxy cluster located 250 million light-years from Earth. It has a combined apparent magnitude of 5.49. It has an apparent magnitude that varies from magnitude 10.5 to 16.0. The Little Dumbbell and California nebulae are located within the Perseus constellation. The constellation Andromeda can be seen at latitudes … The primary star is a member of the Perseus OB3 association, a group of stars that share the same motion through space, and origin. NGC 1058 is a type 2 Seyfert galaxy in the NGC 1023 Group of galaxies. AG Persei is another Algol variable in Perseus, whose primary component is a B-type main sequence star with an apparent magnitude of 6.69. It has an apparent magnitude of 13.2, and it is located at around 7,800 light-years away from us. [83] It is the principal member of the NGC 1023 group of galaxies and is possibly interacting with another galaxy. Perseus was on Pegasus the flying horse when he saw poor Andromeda facing the mighty Cetus. It contains over 10,000 solar masses of gas and dust covering an area of 6 by 2 degrees. It matches the Maori description of a blue-white star near Aldebaran but does not disappear as the myth would indicate. The September Perseids were discovered fairly recently, in 2012, and they are a meteor shower with an unknown parent body in the Oort Cloud. Perseus is also bordered by Aries and Taurus to the south, Auriga to the east, Camelopardalis to the north, and Triangulum to the west. [71], M34 is an open cluster that appears at magnitude 5.5,[72] and is approximately 1,500 light-years from Earth. [35] With an apparent magnitude of 6.72, it is too dim to be seen with the naked eye even in perfectly dark conditions. Andromeda insisted that their wedding be celebrated. [84] NGC 1260 is either a lenticular or tightly-wound spiral galaxy about 76.7 million ly (23.5 million pc) from Earth. Miram, designated as Eta Persei, is a binary star, however, its brightest component is part of a triple star system. Perseus, the demigod son of Zeus and Danae, was one of the greatest of all Greek heroes. In Greek mythology, Perseus was the husband of Andromeda, who is represented beside him on the sky. The meteors appear to flow from the constellation Perseus (hence the name Perseids) in mid-August. [88], The Perseids are a prominent annual meteor shower that appear to radiate from Perseus from mid-July, peaking in activity between 9 and 14 August each year. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.6. The Double Cluster, comprising two open clusters quite near each other in the sky, was known to the ancient Chinese. Perseus constellation lies in the northern sky, next to Andromeda. This star is quite young, being only 109 million years old. It hosts the radiant of the annual Perseids meteor shower—one of the most prominent meteor showers in the sky. This star is also more than four times hotter than our Sun, with temperatures reaching 26,500 K. In addition to this, the star is also a fast spinner, having a rotational velocity of 155 km / 96.3 mi per second. It consists of nebulosity and an associated 2 million-year-old cluster of around 400 stars. The Perseus Cluster is located at around 240 million light-years away from us, and its brightest member is the Seyfert galaxy designated as NGC 1275. 22. To punish the queen for her arrogance, Poseidon, brother to Zeus and god of the sea, sent a sea monster named Cetus to ravage the coast of Aet… Perseus is one of the larger northern constellations. DY Persei is a variable carbon star located at around 1,500 parsecs from us. [65], Within the Perseus Arm lie two open clusters (NGC 869 and NGC 884) known as the Double Cluster. Some star atlases during the early 19th century also depicted Perseus holding the disembodied head of Medusa,[3] whose asterism was named together as Perseus et Caput Medusae;[4] however, this never came into popular usage. The constellation of Perseus is one of the oldest Greek constellations, first listed by Ptolemy, in his 2nd century Almagest. They are located at around 7,500 light-years away from us and have an apparent magnitude of 3.7 and 3.8 respectively. It is named after Andromeda, the daughter of Queen Cassiopeia and wife of the Greek hero Perseus. [73] It contains about 100 stars scattered over a field of view larger than that of the full moon. In Greek mythology, Andromeda was the daughter of Cepheus and Cassiopeia, king and queen of the kingdom Aethiopia. These classifications indicate that they are both quite rich (dense); NGC 869 is the richer of the pair. Misam is also similar in age to our Sun, being 4.58 billion years old. It can be seen with the naked eye under the right conditions. [90], Constellation in the northern celestial hemisphere, The 41 additional constellations added in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, "Urania's Mirror c.1825 – Ian Ridpath's Old Star Atlases", "Shifting Milestones of Natural Sciences: The Ancient Egyptian Discovery of Algol's Period Confirmed", Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg, "Nonthermal Processes and Neutrino Emission from the Black Hole GRO J0422+32 in a Bursting State", "Stellar and wind parameters of Galactic O-stars. 1 Aurigae has an apparent magnitude of 4.89. It is a member of the Perseus Cluster. Perseus is the 24th largest constellation in the sky, out of the 88 modern constellations, stretching for around 615 square degrees. Amazon.com: iCanvasART 1-Piece Constellation of Perseus and Andromeda, from 'Atlas Coelestis', by John Flamsteed Canvas Print by Sir James Thornhill, 60" x 40"/1.5" Deep: Posters & Prints Chamaeleon. M76 is a planetary nebula, also called the Little Dumbbell Nebula. Perseus, the nephew of the king of the city of Argos noticed her as he was sailing by and immediately fell in love with her. It has an apparent magnitude of 4.70. The Perseus Molecular Cloud is a giant molecular cloud located at around 1,000 light-years away from us. One component is a red dwarf star of spectral type M4.5V,[42] which orbits a mysterious dense and heavy object—possibly a black hole—every 5.1 hours. It has a combined apparent magnitude of 4.67. It has an apparent magnitude of 4.03. Andromeda Constellation Andromeda is one of the oldest and most widely recognized constellations that shows up in the northern hemisphere and is a part of the family of Perseus, Cepheus, and Cassiopeia. [33], Zeta Persei is the third-brightest star in the constellation at magnitude 2.86. [62], Seven stars in Perseus have been found to have planetary systems. Andromeda is among the 48 constellations that Ptolemy, the second-century Greco-Roman astronomer listed and until now is recognized among the 88 constellations in existence. [82], Perseus contains some notable galaxies. This star is also classified as a Gamma Cassiopeiae variable, as its brightness varies from magnitude 6 to 7. The Perseids are a prominent annual meteor shower that occurs from mid-July, while peaking between 9 and 14 August each year. You can see the Auriga constellation in the east, Cassiopeia in the north, and the Andromeda Galaxy to the west. Monocular vs. Binoculars- Which One is Best for Stargazing, The constellation of Perseus is among the first 48 Greek constellations, listed by the famous astronomer, Ptolemy, in his 2, Perseus is now among the 88 modern constellations, where it holds the title of the 24. 34 Persei is a binary star located at around 540 light-years away from us. The primary star, 30 Persei, is a B-type main-sequence star that has around 424% of our Sun’s mass, it is 611 brighter than our Sun, and it is also a fast-spinning star, with a rotational velocity of 212 km / 131.7 mi per second. [22] Phi Persei is a double star, although the two components do not eclipse each other. This meteor shower has been observed for over 2,000 years. As he neared the shore of Jaffa, he asked Andromeda what was going on. S Persei is among the largest stars known to us, having 2,000% of our Sun’s mass, and a whopping 136,400% of our Sun’s radius, making it more than 2,600 times bigger than our Sun. It is visible to the naked eye under the right conditions. The primary star is a B-type main-sequence star. The constellation of Perseus contains many interesting stars, among them, there is Mirfak, the brightest star in the constellation, Algol, the famous demon star, Phi Persei, Delta Persei, Psi Persei, 48 Persei, Epsilon Persei, 29 Persei, 30 Persei, 31 Persei, 34 Persei, Iota Persei, Zeta Persei, Atik, X Persei, V518 Persei, V718 Persei, GK Persei, Menkhib, Gorgonea Tertia, S Persei, RS Persei, or the DY Persei, among many others. [7] In the sky, Perseus lies near the constellations Andromeda, Cepheus, Cassiopeia (Andromeda's mother), Cetus, and Pegasus. Due to its high rotational velocity, the star’s equatorial bulge is 6% wider than its polar radius. It has a combined apparent magnitude of 3.80. The constellation is named after the legendary Greek hero Perseus, who beheaded the monster, Medusa. [18] These two are separated by only 0.05 astronomical units (AU)—five percent of the distance between the Earth and Sun; the main dip in brightness arises when the larger fainter companion passes in front of the hotter brighter primary. It is located in the first quadrant of the northern hemisphere (NQ1). It has an apparent magnitude of 3.80, similar to Misam / Kappa Persei. It is located near several other constellations named after ancient Greek legends surrounding Perseus, including Andromeda to the west and Cassiopeia to the north. This star is also hotter, with surface temperatures reaching 29,500 K. GK Persei, also known as Nova Persei 1901, was a bright nova that was observed in 1901. It has a combined apparent magnitude of 4.06, and it consists of a blue main-sequence star and a hot subdwarf star. Miram is located at around 780 light-years away, and it has an apparent magnitude of 3.79. Currently, around 7 stars in Perseus have been confirmed to host exoplanets. [43] The system is an X-ray nova, meaning that it experiences periodic outbursts in the X-ray band of the electromagnetic spectrum. [78] It is very difficult to observe visually because its low surface brightness makes it appear dimmer than most other emission nebulae. The primary star has around 1,010% of our Sun’s mass, 550% of its radius, and it is 41,783 times brighter than our Sun. Menkhib, designated as Xi Persei, is a blue giant star located at around 1,200 light-years away from us. [89] The September Epsilon Perseids, discovered in 2012, are a meteor shower with an unknown parent body in the Oort cloud. It is named after the legendary Greek hero, Perseus. This star has around 207% of our Sun’s mass, 480% of its radius, and it is 170 times brighter than our Sun. The companion of X Persei is a neutron star that is a pulsar. The Perseus constellation is in the center of a lot of famous constellations such as Taurus and Aries in the south. [44] If the system does indeed contain a black hole, it would be the smallest one ever recorded. [86] NGC 1275, a component of the cluster, is a Seyfert galaxy containing an active nucleus that produces jets of material, surrounding the galaxy with massive bubbles. Perseus is a constellation in the northern sky, being named after the Greek mythological hero Perseus. IC 348 is a somewhat young open cluster that is still contained within the nebula from which its stars formed. 3C 83.1B, also designated as NGC 1265, is a Fanaroff and Riley class 1 radio galaxy, and it is a member of the Perseus Cluster. The Perseus Cluster, designated as Abell 426, is a cluster of galaxies, and it is among the most massive objects in the known universe, containing thousands of galaxies immersed in a vast cloud of multimillion-degree gas. The constellation's boundaries, as set by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte in 1930, are defined by a 26-sided polygon. Nu Persei is a yellow-white hued F-type star, located at around 560 light-years away from us. After her death she was placed by Athena amongst the constellations in the northern sky, near Perseus and Cassiopeia. Cassiopeia: The Most Beautiful Constellation To The Night Sky. [56][57][58] The stars are not visible to the naked eye; SU Persei, the brightest of the three, has an apparent magnitude of 7.9[58] and thus is visible through binoculars. [34] X Persei is a double system in this association; one component is a hot, bright star and the other is a neutron star. In Greek mythology, Perseus was the son of Danaë, who was sent by King Polydectes to bring the head of Medusa the Gorgon—whose visage caused all who gazed upon her to turn to stone. The galactic plane of the Milky Way passes through Perseus, whose brightest star is the yellow-white supergiant Alpha Persei (also called Mirfak), which shines at magnitude 1.79. Perseus was sent by King Polydectes to bring the head of Medusa, the Gorgon – whose visage caused all who looked at her, to turn to stone. In Greek mythology, Perseus was the hero who founded the ancient city of Mycenae. The Nine Planets has been online since 1994 and was one of the first multimedia websites that appeared on the World Wide Web. He promised to rescue Andromeda if her parents would allow him to marry her. At an advanced stage of stellar evolution, it is a red giant that has expanded for the second time to have a radius around 150 times that of our Sun. [46], GK Persei, also known as Nova Persei 1901, is a bright nova that appeared halfway between Algol and Delta Persei. The star is only 272 million years old. The brightest stars in the constellation — Alpheratz, Mirach and Almach — form a chain between the Great Square of Pegasus and the constellation Perseus. NGC 1275, also known as Perseus A, or Caldwell 24, is a type 1.5 Seyfert galaxy located at around 237 million light-years away from us. When Perseus died, he was placed amongst the stars. This one is associated with ancient Babylonian astronomy but found by Ptolemy in the 2nd century CE (was part of then known 48 constellations). It reached a magnitude of 0.2, which was the brightest nova of modern times until the nova Aquilae 1918 occurred. The Perseid meteorite shower, the most impressive in the sky, does not actually come from the constellation Perseus but is the rubble left behind from the Comet Swift-Tuttle, the supposed parent of the Perseids. The star is located at around 580 light-years away from us. [68][69] Both lie more than 7,000 light-years from Earth and are several hundred light-years apart. X Persei is a high-mass X-ray binary star system located at around 2,600 light-years away from us. Covering 615 square degrees, it ranks twenty-fourth of the 88 constellations in size. It is the brightest member of the Alpha Persei Cluster (also known as Melotte 20 and Collinder 39), which is an open cluster containing many luminous stars. Misam, designated as Kappa Persei, is the brightest star in a triple star system located at around 112.7 light-years away from us. It is located about 1,027 light-years from Earth, is about 2 million years old,[74] and contains many stars with circumstellar disks. In 1973 the Soviet Union released Legends and Myths of Ancient Greece and included Perseus as one tale. Upon learning of her terrible predicament, he made a deal with King Cepheus and Queen Cassiopeia. A supergiant of spectral type F5Ib located around 590 light-years away from Earth,[24] Mirfak has 5,000 times the luminosity and 42 times the diameter of our Sun. This star is also three times hotter than our Sun, having temperatures of around, 16,143 K, and it is also a fast-spinning star, with a rotational velocity recorded at 120 km / 74.5 mi per second. [66] This segment is towards the rim of the galaxy. In Neo-Assyrian Babylonia (911 to 605 BC), the constellation of Perseus was known as the Old Man constellation – SU.GI. [67] Sometimes known as h and Chi (χ) Persei, respectively, they are easily visible through binoculars and small telescopes. [10] Jīshuǐ (積水), the Swollen Waters, was the fourth paranatellon of the aforementioned house, representing the potential of unusually high floods during the end of August and beginning of September at the beginning of the flood season. Messier 34, also designated as NGC 1039, is an open cluster located at around 1,500 light-years away from us. It appears prominently in the northern sky during the Northern Hemisphere's spring. Epsilon Persei A, which is the primary star, is a B-type main-sequence star that is fusing hydrogen in its core. Perseus returned triumphantly with Andromeda to the island of Seriphos, where he found his mother and Dictys sheltering in a temple from the tyranny of King Polydectes. Extensive searches have failed to find evidence of it having a planetary system. Four Chinese constellations are contained in the area of the sky identified with Perseus in the West. It has around 149% of our Sun’s mass, 4,400% of its radius, and it is 561 times brighter than our Sun. The best-known star, however, is Algol (Beta Persei), linked with ominous legends because of its variability, which is noticeable to the naked eye. 348 is a neutron star that is visible to the Earth and Ab messier has! Magnitude 6 to 7 1,560 light-years away from us by constellation of perseus and andromeda constellations of,! Sometimes drops to magnitude 3.4 every 2.86 days ) ; NGC 869 has a combined apparent of. 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