The origin of Urdu goes back several centuries, and according to some historians, Urdu has evolved from an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the area around Delhi which absorbed words fro… Pakistan is heir to one of the most ancient civilzations in the world along with Iraq and Egypt, and it is only to be expected that its languages, too, have ancient roots.These primary languages have not been used in the domains of power because the rulers of these regions were generally foreigners. December 2019; Review of Economics and Development Studies 5(4):809-816; DOI: 10.26710/reads.v5i4.897 At the federal level, this task should be given to the National Language Promotion Board (NLPB), which has replaced the National Language Authority. The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a culturally and linguistically diverse large South Asian country bordered by Afghanistan and Iran to the north and west, China to the northeast, India to the east and the Arabian Sea to the south. They all go to enrich the cultural mosaic of the country. Google Scholar . The real test is whether they will be followed up with the more difficult ones like translating laws, policies and documents into Urdu and training government personnel in the use of Urdu terminology and whether the government has the will to overcome determined resistance from the vested interests which favour the continuation of English as the official language. Policy paper : France’s international strategic guidelines for combatting land degradation and desertification (2020-2030) Desertification is a gradual degradation of soils in drylands, affecting their biological and economic potential. The economy likely recovered in Q1 of this fiscal year—which began in July 2020—after GDP growth slowed significantly in FY 2020 (July 2019–June 2020) due to lockdown measures imposed at the tail end of the year. It, indeed, plays an important role in creating and maintaining collective identity, as it unites the people of all the four provinces because of its neutrality. 7. Planning and execution of decennial Population & Housing Census. tap to bring up your browser menu and select 'Add to homescreen' to pin the The News web app, On July 10, the government informed the Supreme Court that it had issued an executive order for the replacement of English with Urdu as the country’s official language in stages. In M. E. Brown & Š. Ganguly (Eds. There is an element of cultural imperialism about privileging Urdu i.e. The issue of language in Pakistan is not just related to linguistics. The problems are as well discussed which were caused by language Regrettably, our governments have also failed completely in implementing this provision of the article and no serious effort has been made to promote the use of Urdu as a language of education and learning, of science and technology and of business and commerce. policy of Pakistan favours the language shift, which is the s hift from using one language to another and normally from less powerful to the powerful (Rahman, 1996). ), Fighting words: Language policy and ethnic relations in Asia (pp. To assist the NLPB in coining new words or adopting foreign words, the government should also hire the services of people from the academia, the civil society and the practitioners of various specialised professions.In promoting Urdu, the main focus in the Supreme Court hearings and in the government’s executive order has been on its use as official language. Pakistan is a multilingual country. Pakistan is a multiling country and its official language is Urdu. It would also help if the composition and mandate of the NLPB are specified in the constitution to rescue it from its present position in the backwater of the federal bureaucracy. The National language of Pakistan is Urdu, and arrangements shall be made for its being used for official and other purposes within 15 years from commencing day. They have also become the backbone of the present unjust class structure. The truth is that none of the governments, whether civilian or military, which have been in power during this period, has shown any discard English in favour of Urdu. In July–September, industrial production rebounded, mainly due to healthier manufacturing activity. Your Name * Recipient Email * 0. Pakistan's national language is Urdu while it's official language is English. This journal covers both language policy and educational policy. The task of recommending which languages are to be given national status should instead be left to a parliamentary committee which should give a hearing to experts and to civil society representatives.Once the constitution grants the status of national language to the major regional languages of the country, it follows logically that their promotion should also be a federal responsibility, but without restricting the authority of the respective provincial government for their advancement. In fact, it opposed a private bill introduced by a member of its own party in July last year for an amendment in the constitution to declare the major regional languages as national languages in addition to Urdu.The PMLN-led government should not delay any further the fulfilment of its pre-election pledge to give the status of national language to the major languages of the country. Let see. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Thanks for the A2A User-9823858444731663826 ! The decision had been taken, the court was told, in fulfilment of the government’s obligation under Article 251 of the constitution, which makes it mandatory that arrangements should be made for the use of Urdu for official and other purposes within fifteen years from 1973. Language policy. In particular, every province should be free to adopt its own language for official purposes in addition to Urdu, and to promote the mother tongue as the language of instruction in the schools. Everyone expects that it will be largely ignored. He has been involved with the educational system of Pakistan as a teacher, teacher educator, and researcher. But these early steps are the easy part. Shahid Siddiqui obtained his Ph.D. in Language Education from the University of Toronto, Canada, M.Ed. Email. In fact, it must go hand in hand with the promotion of Urdu. Pakistan Area and Population Density. I hope my opinion will count though. The 15-year grace period for English ended 27 years ago in 1988 but Pakistan is no nearer the goal of replacing it with Urdu as the official language. Nevertheless, some of the initial steps announced by the government are highly welcome even when they might appear to be largely of symbolic importance. The circular issued by the federal government directing the different ministries and departments to start using Urdu is a typical bureaucratic quick fix. 167.71.106.86. We should of course be ready to borrow words from Arabic and Persian and exceptionally even from English. Pakistan’s Foreign Policy in the 21st Century. Back in 2001, the estimated population was around 142.5 million; the country, at that point, became the seventh most populated country in the entire world. A lot of hard work and leadership from the top will be needed. This number came from a report that was published by the World Bank in 2012. In keeping with its enhanced responsibilities, the NLPB should be renamed the National Languages Promotion Board and its governing body should be expanded to include representatives of provincial governments. Facebook Count. English from Punjab University. It remains to be seen whether the government possesses the will to take the necessary policy steps to fulfil its commitment. Not affiliated The focus of this policy dialogue was to engage educationists and language experts in an interactive discussion that would generate ideas and recommendations to feed into a more effective language policy. TESOL from the University of Manchester, U.K., and M.A. Its national language, Urdu, is the mother tongue of only 7.57 per cent of the population though it is very widely used in the urban areas of the country. Language Policy contributes to the growth of the field by publishing high-quality studies that help build a sound theoretical understanding of the subject area. Part of Springer Nature. World Times April 2020 Urdu Editon in PDF; World Times April 2020 English Edition in PDF; World Times May 2020 Urdu Edition; Guss Paper PMS -2020 of URDU & ISLAMIAT; 4th JWT Essay Competition ; Home / Archives / 2016 / January 2016 / Pakistan’s Foreign Policy in the 21st Century. Pakistan is home to many dozens of languages spoken as first languages. The government will have to show a lot of determination to break their resistance.Most important, the introduction of Urdu as official language must be part of a broader language policy in which the use of regional languages is also promoted. In its manifesto for the parliamentary elections of 2013, the PML-N had promised the setting up of a National Language Commission to develop criteria for giving the status of national language to all major languages of the country. Opposition to the new policy is coming from the expected quarters: the tiny English-speaking ‘elite’ of the country which is a legacy of British colonial rule, and the upper echelons of the bureaucracy. 51–80). 19 Jul 2010 . Pakistan’s foreign policy or you can say that these are certain goals which Pakistan wants to achieve. The new policy is being opposed by a large number of teacher but the government is keen for its implementation that’s why nothing can be said about it yet. Language policy in Pakistan is meant to strengthen the state by promoting Urdu as a national language. Scepticism about the government’s resolve has been heightened by the fact that it has still not officially published its new policy on Urdu, and neither the prime minister nor a government minister has cared to speak on the issue in public. Cambridge, MA: Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. Currently the sixth most populous country in the … Without prejudice to the state of the National language, a provincial Assembly may by law prescribe measures for the teaching, promotion and use of... Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. Not logged in The National language of Pakistan is Urdu, and arrangements shall be made for its being used for official and other purposes within 15 years from commencing day. Punjab New Education Policy 2020 Announced for All School Teachers . It presents papers that deal with the widest range of cases, situations and regions. 6. In this project, we have focused Langue planning and language policy (LPLP) generally, in particular, in Pakistani context and discussed the dilemma of language policy in Pakistan. Intercensal sample studies/surveys in related areas. Evaluation of census results. Last collected in the year 2011, the population, at that point, stood at a reported 176,745,364. the dominant language and aspects of its culture are passed on to people of other languages. As a result, English has become further entrenched as official language, while the use of Urdu in government offices has been declining despite the fact that its nation-wide use as the language of communication between people speaking different mother tongues has been growing constantly and the language has gained acceptance even in the far-flung parts of the country as its lingua franca.The Nawaz government’s announcement to make Urdu the official language was not made of its own accord but in response to strictures passed by a Supreme Court bench during the hearing of a case brought by a civic-minded citizen on the government’s failure to implement Article 251. The current paper studies the latest language policy of Pakistan and its implications for local languages. The main functions of Population Census Wing are as under: 1. Benson, C. J. It is hoped that the Supreme Court orders in the ongoing case on Article 251 will address this aspect of the matter as well.The writer is a former member of the Pakistan Foreign Service.Email: [email protected]. Tabulation of data to meet specific demand … Five languages have more than 10 million speakers each in Pakistan – Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, Saraiki and Urdu.Almost all of Pakistan's languages belong to the Indo-Iranian group of the Indo-European language family.. Pakistan's national language is Urdu, which, along with English, is also the official language. The Supreme Court itself has underlined the importance of regional languages in its hearing of the case and pointed to clause (1) of Article 251 which says that “without prejudice to the status of the national language, a Provincial Assembly may by law prescribe measures for the teaching, promotion and use of a provincial language in addition to the national language.” But the promotion of regional languages should not be left to the provinces alone. November 17, 2020. But the government’s constitutional responsibility is not confined to that. To give just one example, no bank in the country issues a cheque book in Urdu. I am originally Pakistani but I live in UK. It has far more implications for cultural, economic, political, and social issues. Urdu is not only the official language of Pakistan but also the national language of the country. The language policy also claims to modernize the state through English as official language. This service is more advanced with JavaScript available. Pakistan is a multilingual state with six major languages—Punjabi (spoken by 44.15% out of a population of 153 million in 2003); Pashto (15.42); Sindhi (14.10); Siraiki (10.53); Urdu (7.57); Balochi (3.57)—and about 57 minor ones. These recommendations are based on policy dialogues, a case study and the analysis of research findings. Their preservation, development and promotion should therefore be made a priority at the federal level as well. Urdu is the national language and English the official one (Census. Two years into its tenure, the government has done nothing so far to fulfil this promise. The key principles of Pakistan’s policy towards Afghanistan include strengthening people-to-people contacts,deepening trade and transit ties, undertaking joint connectivity and energy projects for enhanced economic integration, working together for bringing peace in Afghanistan, non-interference in the internal affairs and not allowing respective territories to be used against each other. It provides the following guidelines on language policy: 1. The 15-year grace period for English ended 27 years ago in 1988 but Pakistan is no nearer the goal of replacing it with Urdu as the official language. The politics of language policy in Pakistan. It is to be, hoped that the spectacle of government ministers and senior officials speaking in English within the country even when their command of the language is very shaky will become a thing of the past. As of January 2020, Pakistan vows to raise literacy rate from 58% to 70% in four years by providing school access to approximately 22.8 million students, improving the education system for all age groups through the application of modern technological resources. (2000). However, a vast section of the population speaks it as their second language. © 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. However, only about 8% of Pakistanis speak Urdu as their first language. Subject to clause (1) the English language may be used for official purposes until arrangements for its replacement by Urdu. Education Policy 1972: Zulifqar Bhutto announced a National Education Policy on 29 March 1972. Article 251 states that arrangements must be made also for its use for “other purposes” within 15 years from 1973. Despite this, regional languages are equally important. The resources and the capacity of the NLPB would also need to be enhanced to make it better equipped to carry out its added responsibilities, especially to translate words and expressions from foreign languages into Urdu and to coin new Urdu terms in the realms of government and administration, law, science and technology, and business and commerce. Pakistan is a multi-lingual country and the languages spoken in its different parts are a national treasure. Twitter Share . 5. The Aga Khan University Institute for Educational Development presents a global research seminar: Topic: Social Meanings of language policy and practices: A critical linguistic ethnographic study of four schools in Pakistan Presenter: Muhammad Ali Khan. Analysis of census data and demographic research. The setting up of a commission for this purpose, as proposed in the PML-N manifesto, would not be advisable as the matter is essentially political. Education Policy Pakistan According to the policy of education which being implemented in the state includes the free primary education to the children of the state, as per the clause under this policy the government is liable and the government is bound to offer the free education to the children of the state both on federal and provincial level of the country. 2. On December 12, 2020, a plenary session was held on the topic "Mutually beneficial economic cooperation, free trade and the role of international organizations in promoting cooperation for sustainable development" at the Turkmen State University named after Makhtumkuli, within the framework of the International Conference "Policy of Neutrality and its role in ensuring international … Literate people of other cultures, especially those serving in the armed forces, speak Urdu … Pakistan Economic Outlook. Processing and dissemination of data in the form of Census Reports. Pakistan’s official language is still English as it was when the British ruled the country as part of British India. Pakistan will take forward its 2011 commitment with the Provinces for all public and private health facilities to offer birth spacing services. A Proposed Language Policy for Education in Pakistan. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Pakistan commits to working toward achieving universal access to reproductive health and raising the contraceptive prevalence rate to 55% by 2020. http://www.geocites.com/Athens/Parthenon/8107/univ.html, http://www.library.uu.nl/wesp/populstat/Asia/pakstag.htm, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30424-3, Reference Module Humanities and Social Sciences, Language Policy and Education in the European Union, Language Policy and Education in the United States, Indigenous Language Policy and Education in Mexico, Language Policy and Education in the Andes, Language Policy and Education in Australia, Language Policy and Education in Southern Africa, Language Policy and Education in the Indian Subcontinent, Language Policy and Education in Pakistan, Language Education Policy in Greater China, New Literacies, New Times: Developments in Literacy Studies, Language, Literacy and Knowledge Production in Africa, BICS and CALP: Empirical and Theoretical Status of the Distinction. This report contains recommendations regarding the development of policy for language in education in Pakistan. It is a shame that we have no Urdu words for even such high constitutional institutions and offices as Senate, Assembly (as in National Assembly), Governor, Supreme Court and the Election Commission and still use the English words transcribed phonetically into Urdu. 3. This is a preview of subscription content, © Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2008. http://moe.gov.pk/enrollmentinPsUniversities.htm. Date: Friday, March 22, 2013 Time: 2:00 pm, West Asia Time (Islamabad, GMT+05:00). Language policy, multilingualism and language vitality in Pakistan. Pakistan face an extremely difficult moment in their bilateral relationship, our hope is that the recom-mendations provided here will help policy makers in both countries and in the broader international community to formulate the best and most effective decisions to set Pakistan on a progressive path by 2020. 4. 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