After receiving 3 duplicate ACKs, TCP performs a retransmission of … Fast Retransmit At this point TCP moves to the fast retransmit state. Look for both physical layer (ARP) and network layer (name resolution) broadcasts on the network. After retransmission, the sender continues normal data transmission. Fast retransmit is just a faster way of reacting to an assumption a packet must have been dropped (otherwise why would you ever get 3 ACKs with same SEQ#.) If you find … Canceres proposed idea of forced retransmit. – chengtcli Aug 28 '16 at 8:29 EDIT: I didn't tie in Fast Retransmit here. TCP retransmissions are usually due to network congestion. Look for a large number of broadcast packets at the time the issue occurs. If no acknowledgment has been received for the data in a given segment before the timer expires, the segment is retransmitted, up to the TcpMaxDataRetransmissions value. The proposal is to send 3 duplicates. If the percentage of broadcast traffic in your capture is above about 3% of the total traffic captured, then you definitely have congestion. TCP will look for duplicate acks to decide if a segment needs to be retransmitted Note: TCP segments sent by the sender can be delivered out of sequence to the receiver. The TCP sender SHOULD use the "fast retransmit" algorithm to detect and repair loss, based on incoming duplicate ACKs. Fast retransmit inhibitions for TCP Per Hurtig c 2006 The author and Karlstad University. Thus TCP waits for 3 duplicate acks before concluding that a segment has been missed. The fast retransmit mechanism does not replace the timeout mechanism of TCP, but it works in parallel to improve performance. The fast retransmit algorithm uses the arrival of 3 duplicate ACKs (4 identical ACKs without the arrival of any other intervening packets) as an indication that a segment has been lost. This forces the corresponding host … Without this TCP is dumb and will request retransmission of packets it already received. Fast retransmit is a modification to the congestion avoidance algorithm. This can also result in duplicate acks. No new or duplicate packet s can be sent during the timeout period. ACK ack_num = … All material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identi ed and no mate-rial is included for which a degree has previously been conferred. it seems that the tcp_thin_dupack is able to trigger fast retransmit with one DUP ack, so it can improve retransmission latency. The idea behind fast retransmit is straightforward. As in Jacobson's fast retransmit algorithm, when the sender receives 3rd duplicate ACK, it assumes that the packet is lost and retransmit that packet without waiting for a retransmission timer to expire. Per Hurtig Approved, 2006-02-07 … TCP starts a retransmission timer when each outbound segment is handed down to IP. The default value for this parameter is 5. Tcp concludes this as congestion and goes into slow start although there is no congestion. The retransmission timer is initialized to three seconds when a TCP connection … But this seems can't explain why fast retransmit was not triggered with multi DUP acks. The firewalls are getting in the way as a retransmit method both sides negotiated for is not being allowed. Thus, a new mechanism called fast retransmit was introduced that allows the retransmission of a lost packet even if the timeout for that packet has not expired. From what I can tell on this capture, you're seeing occasional packet loss, which is causing the TCP connections to go through normal retransmit protocols.
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